U.S. President Joe Biden has issued an Executive Order that prohibits the mass transfer of citizens’ personal data to countries of concern.

The Executive Order also “provides safeguards around other activities that can give those countries access to Americans’ sensitive data,” the White House said in a statement.

This includes sensitive information such as genomic data, biometric data, personal health data, geolocation data, financial data, and certain kinds of personally identifiable information (PII).

The U.S. government said threat actors could weaponize this information to track their citizens and pass that information to data brokers and foreign intelligence services, which can then be used for intrusive surveillance, scams, blackmail, and other violations of privacy.

“Commercial data brokers and other companies can sell this data to countries of concern, or entities controlled by those countries, and it can land in the hands of foreign intelligence services, militaries, or companies controlled by foreign governments,” the government said.

In November 2023, researchers at Duke University revealed that it’s trivial to “obtain sensitive data about active-duty members of the military, their families, and veterans, including non-public, individually identified, and sensitive data, such as health data, financial data, and information about religious practices” from data brokers for as low as $0.12 per record.

Stating that the sale of such data poses privacy, counterintelligence, blackmail, and national security risks, it added hostile nations could collect personal information on activists, journalists, dissidents, and marginalized communities with the goal of restricting freedom of expression and curbing dissent.

The government said the countries of concern have a “track record of collecting and misusing data on Americans.” According to the U.S. Justice Department, the countries that fall under this category include China, Russia, Iran, North Korea, Cuba, and Venezuela.

The Executive Order directs the federal agencies to issue regulations that establish clear protections for sensitive personal and government-related data from access and exploitation, as well as set high-security standards to limit data access via commercial agreements.

Additionally, the order requires the Departments of Health and Human Services, Defense, and Veterans Affairs to ensure that Federal grants, contracts, and awards are not misused to facilitate access to sensitive data.

“The Administration’s decision to limit personal data flows only to a handful of countries of concern, like China, is a mistake,” Senator Ron Wyden said in a statement, and that the argument that the U.S. government cannot be banned from buying Americans’ data is no longer valid.

“Authoritarian dictatorships like Saudi Arabia and U.A.E. cannot be trusted with Americans’ personal data, both because they will likely use it to undermine U.S. national security and target U.S. based dissidents, but also because these countries lack effective privacy laws necessary to stop the data from being sold onwards to China.”

The latest attempt to regulate the data broker industry comes as the U.S. added China’s Chengdu Beizhan Electronics and Canadian network intelligence firm Sandvine to its Entity List after the latter’s middleboxes were found to be used to deliver spyware targeting a former Egyptian member of parliament last year.

A report from Bloomberg in September 2023 also found that Sandvine’s equipment had been used by governments in Egypt and Belarus to censor content on the internet.

Access Now said Sandvine’s internet-blocking technologies facilitated human rights violations by repressive governments around the world, including in Azerbaijan, Jordan, Russia, Turkey, and the U.A.E., noting it played a “direct role” in shutting down the internet in Belarus in 2020.

“Sandvine supplies deep packet inspection tools, which have been used in mass web-monitoring and censorship to block news as well as in targeting political actors and human rights activists,” the U.S. Department of State said, explaining its rationale behind adding the company to the trade restriction list. “This technology has been misused to inject commercial spyware into the devices of perceived critics and dissidents.”

Jan 11, 2024NewsroomVulnerability / Patch Management

Cisco has released software updates to address a critical security flaw impacting Unity Connection that could permit an adversary to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying system.

Tracked as CVE-2024-20272 (CVSS score: 7.3), the vulnerability is an arbitrary file upload bug residing in the web-based management interface and is the result of a lack of authentication in a specific API and improper validation of user-supplied data.

“An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by uploading arbitrary files to an affected system,” Cisco said in an advisory released Wednesday. “A successful exploit could allow the attacker to store malicious files on the system, execute arbitrary commands on the operating system, and elevate privileges to root.”

The flaw impacts the following versions of Cisco Unity Connection. Version 15 is not vulnerable.

• 12.5 and earlier (Fixed in version 12.5.1.19017-4)
• 14 (Fixed in version 14.0.1.14006-5)

Security researcher Maxim Suslov has been credited with discovering and reporting the flaw. Cisco makes no mention of the bug being exploited in the wild, but it’s advised that users update to a fixed version to mitigate potential threats.

Alongside the patch for CVE-2024-20272, Cisco has also shipped updates to resolve 11 medium-severity vulnerabilities spanning its software, including Identity Services Engine, WAP371 Wireless Access Point, ThousandEyes Enterprise Agent, and TelePresence Management Suite (TMS).

Cisco, however, noted that it does not intend to release a fix for the command injection bug in WAP371 (CVE-2024-20287, CVSS score: 6.5), stating that the device has reached end-of-life (EoL) as of June 2019. It’s instead recommending customers migrate to the Cisco Business 240AC Access Point.